Tuberculosis in Pregnancy: a Clinical Review

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy and the postpartum period presents a significant global health challenge, contributing to high rates of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Physiological changes during pregnancy can mask TB symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis. This article reviews the epidemiology, classification, clinical presentation, and diagnostic strategies for TB in pregnant women. It further outlines the safety and efficacy of first-line antitubercular treatments and examines the impact of the disease on maternal and fetal outcomes, emphasizing the necessity of early intervention and the safety of breastfeeding during treatment. Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the leading infectious causes of maternal mortality globally. Managing TB during pregnancy requires a careful balance between ensuring the health of the mother and protecting the developing fetus. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the classification, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of TB in pregnancy.