Chicken Pox in Family Medicine

Abstract

Chicken pox is caused by varicella-zoster virus (VSV), mostly affected between 2 to 10 years of age has a brief history from 2019 to 2024 in this article. Graphical representations depict the variation in incidence rates and almost a stable immunization rates. The pathogenesis of chicken pox involves the initial respiratory infection leading to viremia and subsequent dermal manifestation as an itchy vesicular rash. Clinical manifestations include the two-phase pattern, beginning with macular lesions that progress to vesicles before crusting. Accurate diagnosis is facilitated through the golden standard as Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) supplemented by other diagnostic methods. Treatment primarily focuses on hydration, supportive care is the first line treatment followed by symptomatic relief, along with antiviral medications. Prophylaxis remains paramount, implementation of varicella vaccine, which has proved efficacy in reducing incidence of primary infections.